Abstract: Oil and gas leakage, fire explosion and other emergencies have become a major risk factor for long-distance pipelines. Making scientific emergency plan and response disposal procedure can effectively control oil and gas diffusion and reduce accident loss. China have no special pipeline emergency control standard, and with problems such as inconsistent emergency disposal, poor operability and cohesion of emergency plan. The paper introduced the advanced experiences and practices of the United States, Canada and Russia in pipeline emergency response, including accident command system （ICS）based on modularization and resource optimization as an organization for emergency response. The first responder exercises the command power of the initial control and rescue of the accident. According to the nature and severity of the accident to carry out the quantitative classification of the accident, and the emergency site sub-regional management and the field pollutant control.In addition, it also included medical rescue, pipeline public warning program, pipeline operators and news media communication, emergency plan change timeliness, diverse emergency plan drill. Finally, according to the actual situation of China oil and gas pipeline, the developing suggestions on emergency control technical specification of oil and gas pipeline in China were put forward.

摘要： 油气泄漏、火灾爆炸等突发事件已成为长输管道重大的风险因素。制定科学的应急预案和响应处置程序，可有效控制油气扩散、减少事故损失。但国内还未制定专门的管道应急控制标准，存在应急处置不统一、应急预案可操作性和衔接性差等问题。介绍了美国、加拿大和俄罗斯在管道应急方面的先进经验和做法，包括基于模块化和资源优化调配的事故指挥系统ICS作为应急响应的组织机构，第一响应人行使事故初期控制与救援的指挥权、按照事件性质和严重性程度进行事故量化分级，应急现场分区域管理和现场污染物控制。此外还包括了医疗救护、管道公众警示程序、管道运营商与新闻媒体交流、应急预案变更时效性、应急预案演练方式多样化等方面。最后，结合我国管道实际情况，提出了我国油气管道应急控制技术规范的制定建议。

关键词: 管道 应急响应 应急处置 应急预案 应急保障 标准, Pipeline Emergency Response Emergency Disposal Emergency Plan Emergency Support Standard